The features of the magistracy as the final stage of higher professional education are considered. The pedagogical and social problems of graduates of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University are revealed. A literature review on the psychological characteristics of technical students is presented. The factors of psychological wellbeing of technical university students, depending on gender, are also considered. Special methods were applied for determining the dominant state developed by L.V. Kulikov, identifying emotional stability, studying the «list of feelings» by A. Ellis, psychological well-being developed by S.P. Becker, prototypical analysis of social representations proposed by P. Verges. The indicators of activity in relation to the life situation, levels of students’ vitality and their emotional stability, learners’ psychological well-being, analysis of their social perceptions, etc. were considered. It was concluded that the general level of psychological well-being parameters differs more between individuals than between groups of men and female samples. However, there are gender characteristics of the psychological well-being formation associated with the influence of the society in which the student's personality develops.